Since 1901, the Nobel Prize has been awarded for achievements in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and for peace. The Nobel Prize is an international award administered by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm, Sweden. Alfred Nobel was the founder of the Nobel Prize. Each prize consists of a medal, personal diploma and a cash award. On Doctor’s Day let’s recognize once again the contributions made by our Indian Nobel Prize winners.

Until now eight Indian citizens have been honoured with the Nobel Prize out of which only two are of Indian citizenship and three are of Indian origin.
1.Amartya Kumar Sen, Economics, 1998
2.Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Physics, 1983
3.Mother Teresa, Peace, 1979
4.Har Gobind Khorana, Medicine, 1968
5.C. V. Raman, Physics, 1930
6.Rabindranath Tagore, Literature, 1913
7.Rudyard Kipling, Literature, 1907
8.Ronald Ross, Physiology or Medicine, 1902

British Raj Citizens
Ronald Ross
Ronald Ross was a British physician born in Almora, India, in 1857. He was the eldest son of General Sir Campbell C. G. Ross of the Indian Army and Matilda Charlotte Elderton. Ross commenced his study of medicine in London at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital on 29th October, 1875. He passed his final examination in 1880 and qualified as MRCS and LSA. He joined the Indian Medical Services in 1881with his first posting in Madras. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1902 for his work on malaria. He discovered the life cycle of the malarial parasite Plasmodium.

Rudyard Kipling
Joseph Rudyard Kipling (1865 –1936), a British author and poet, was born in Bombay, British India (now Mumbai), 1865. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1907. He is the youngest-ever recipient as well as the first English-language writer to receive the Prize. He is regarded as a major innovator in the art of the short story and his children’s books are enduring classics of children’s literature. He is well known for his work - The Jungle Book.

Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) was a poet, philosopher, educationist, artist, and also, a social activist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913. He was the first person of the non-Western heritage to be awarded a Nobel Prize. Tagore holds the unique distinction of being the composer of the national anthems of two different countries - India and Bangladesh.

Citizens of India
Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1888–1970) was an Indian physicist awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the year 1930. He was recognized for his work on the molecular scattering of light and for the discovery of the Raman effect (which is named after him). He headed an institute that is today named after him - the Raman Research Institute, Bangalore.

Amartya Sen
Amartya Sen (born on 3rd November 1933) was the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize Memorial Prize in Economics, awarded to him in the year 1998. He is known for his contributions to the welfare economics and for his work on famine, human development theory and the underlying mechanisms of gender, poverty and political liberalism. He is currently the Thomas W. Lamont University Professor and Professor of Economics and Philosophy at Harvard University.

American Citizens of Indian Origin
Har Gobind Khorana
Har Gobind Khorana (born on 9th January, 1922) is an Indian- American molecular biologist. He had left India in 1945 and he became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1966. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, which he shared with Robert W. Holley and Marshall Warren Nirenberg in 1968, for the interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. He continues to head a laboratory at the MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) in the United States.

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, (1910-1995) was a British Indian born in Lahore, British India (present day Pakistan), into a Tamil Hindu family. He became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1953. He was a Nobel Prize winner in Physics along with William Alfred Fowler for their work in the theoretical structure and evolution of stars in 1983. He was the nephew of Indian Nobel Laureate Sir Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman.

Indian Citizen of Foreign Origin
Mother Teresa
Mother Teresa (1910–1997) was born as Agnesë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu in Skopje, then a city in Yugoslavia. She was an Albanian Roman Catholic nun with Indian citizenship. She took her first religious vows as a nun on 24th May, 1931 and it is then she chose the name Teresa after Therese de Lisieux, the patron saint of missionaries. She founded the Missionaries of Charity in Kolkatta (Calcutta), India in 1950. For about 45 years she ministered to the poor, sick, orphaned, and dying, while guiding the Missionaries of Charity’s expansion, first throughout India and then in other countries. She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979.